Hazrat Aisha ki Shadi ki Umar: Haqeeqat, Aitraazat aur Ilmi Jawab

Kya aap ne kabhi socha hai ke kuch log Islam par aiteraaz karne ke liye hamesha Hazrat Aisha (R.A) ki shadi ka hi sahara kyu lete hain? Aakhir is ek waqiye mein aisi kya baat hai jise baar baar galat rang de kar pesh kiya jaata hai?

Yeh article is propaganda ke parde ko hatane aur Hazrat Aisha ki shadi se judi haqeeqaton ko saamne laane ke liye likha gaya hai. Hum yahan jazbaati baaton se nahi, balki thos dalail, tareekhi (historical) hawalon aur aqli (logical) sabooton se baat karenge. Hum dekhenge ke Islam ka is maamle mein asal mauqif (stance) kya hai, kya Hz. Aisha and Muhammad (SAW) ka rishta waisa hi tha jaisa pesh kiya jaata hai, aur kya is par aiteraaz karne wale apne dharam granthon mein likhi baaton se waqif hain?

Is safar mein hum aapko sirf jawab hi nahi denge, balki aapko yeh samajhne mein bhi madad karenge ke is tarah ke aiteraaz aate kahan se hain aur inka tod kaise kiya ja sakta hai.

Key Takeaways

• Shadi Ki Umar Par Ikhtilaf: Islamic scholars ke darmiyan Hazrat Aisha ki shadi ke waqt ki umar par ek rai nahi hai. Kuch riwayaat ke mutabiq 9 saal hai, toh dusri tehqeeq unki umar 16 se 19 saal ke darmiyan batati hai.
• Baligh Hona Shart Hai: Islam mein shadi ke liye umar nahi, balki jismaani aur zehni taur par baligh (puberty) hona zaroori hai. Yeh ek ahem nuqta hai jise aksar nazar andaaz kar diya jaata hai.
• Tareekhi Pas Manzar (Historical Context): 7th century Arabia aur us daur ki dusri tehzeebon mein kam umri ki shadiyan aam theen. Isliye us daur ke riwaaj ko aaj ke daur ke chashme se dekhna galat hai.
• Comparative Religion: Doosre mazahib mein bhi aisi misalein maujood hain. Misal ke taur par, Ramayan ke kuch versions ke mutabiq, Sita Ji ki shadi bhi kam umri mein hui thi.
• Propaganda Ka Maqsad: Hazrat Aisha ki shadi ko galat tareeqe se pesh karne ka asal maqsad sirf Islam ko badnaam karna hai, na ke kisi qism ki aagahi (awareness) phailana.

How old was Aisha? Asal Kahaani Riwayaat Ki Roshni Mein

Jab bhi Hazrat Aisha ki umar ka zikr aata hai, to foran 9 saal ka figure saamne laaya jaata hai. Yeh figure ek mash’hoor riwayat (narration) se liya gaya hai jo Sahih Bukhari mein maujood hai. Lekin kya yeh is masle ki poori tasveer hai? Aaiye, isay gehrai se samajhte hain.

Traditional Viewpoint: 9 Saal Ki Riwayat

Sahih Bukhari, jo Hadith ki sab se mustanad (authentic) kitabon mein se ek hai, us mein Hisham ibn ‘Urwa se ek riwayat milti hai ke Hazrat Aisha ka nikah 6 saal ki umar mein hua aur rukhsati (consummation) 9 saal ki umar mein hui. Aksar aiteraz karne wale isi ek riwayat ko pakad kar Islam par hamla karte hain.

Lekin yahan kuch ahem baatein ghaur karne wali hain:

1. Hisham ibn ‘Urwa Ka Factor: Yeh riwayat sirf Hisham ibn ‘Urwa ke zariye se milti hai, jab woh apni zindagi ke aakhri saalon mein Iraq mein the. Bohat se Hadith scholars, jaise Imam Malik, ne unki us daur ki riwayaat par aiteraaz kiya hai kyunki unki yaaddasht kamzor ho gayi thi.
2. Madina Ke Log Kyu Nahi Jaante? Hisham Madina ke rehne wale the. Unke shandar shagird (students) Madina mein the. Ajeeb baat yeh hai ke unke Madani shagirdon mein se kisi ne bhi yeh riwayat unse nahi suni. Sirf Iraqi logon ne hi yeh riwayat kyun bayan ki? Yeh sawal is riwayat ki sehat par ek shuba paida karta hai.

Was Aisha really 9? The Alternative Scholarly View

Ab aaiye un dalail ko dekhte hain jo batate hain ke Hazrat Aisha ki umar rukhsati ke waqt 9 saal se kahin zyada thi. Yeh dalail dusre mustanad tareekhi hawalon par mabni (based) hain:

1. Hazrat Asma Ki Umar Ka Hisaab: Tareekh ki kitabon mein yeh baat darj hai ke Hazrat Asma (R.A), jo Hazrat Aisha ki badi behen theen, woh apni behen se 10 saal badi theen. Hijrat ke waqt Hazrat Asma ki umar 27 saal thi. Agar is hisaab se dekha jaye, to Hijrat ke waqt Hazrat Aisha ki umar 17 saal banti hai. Agar unki rukhsati Hijrat ke 1 ya 2 saal baad hui, to unki umar 18 ya 19 saal thi.
2. Jang-e-Badr Aur Uhud Mein Shirkat: Hadith mein yeh usool (principle) milta hai ke 15 saal se kam umar ke bachon ko jung mein shirkat ki ijazat nahi thi. Hazrat Aisha ne Jang-e-Badr aur Jang-e-Uhud, dono mein shirkat ki. Jang-e-Uhud Hijrat ke 3 saal baad hui. Agar rukhsati ke waqt unki umar 9 saal thi, to Jang-e-Uhud ke waqt woh sirf 12 saal ki theen. Itni kam umar mein unhein jung mein jaane ki ijazat kaise mil sakti thi?
3. Surah Al-Qamar Ka Zikr: Hazrat Aisha khud farmati hain ke jab Surah Al-Qamar nazil hui, to woh ek “jariya” theen, yaani ek nojawan ladki jo khel-kood sakti thi. Surah Al-Qamar Hijrat se 8 saal pehle nazil hui. Agar us waqt unki umar 7-8 saal bhi maani jaye, to nikah ke waqt unki umar 14-15 saal aur rukhsati ke waqt 17-18 saal banti hai.

In tamam dalail se yeh saaf zahir hota hai ke 9 saal wali riwayat par andha yaqeen kar lena sahi nahi hai. Islamic scholars ne is par tafseeli behas ki hai aur yeh saabit kiya hai ke age of Aisha shadi ke waqt 16 se 19 saal ke darmiyan thi.

Shadi Ke Liye Umar Ya Balighat (Puberty)? Islam Ka Asal Usool

Islam par aiteraaz karne wale aksar is baat ko bhool jaate hain ke Islam ne shadi ke liye koi specific age (umar) muqarrar nahi ki hai. Islam ka usool yeh hai ke ladka aur ladki dono baligh hon.

“Bulugh” ya Balighat kya hai?

Balighat us stage ko kehte hain jab ek insan jismaani (physically) aur zehni (mentally) taur par shadi ki zimmedariyan uthane ke qabil ho jaata hai. Iski kuch alamat (signs) hoti hain, jaise ladkiyon mein maahwari (menstruation) ka shuru hona.

• Jismaani Pukhtagi (Physical Maturity): Shadi ek jismaani ta’alluq hai. Isliye, zaroori hai ke dono fareeq (parties) iske liye jismaani taur par tayyar hon.
• Zehni Pukhtagi (Mental Maturity): Shadi sirf ek jismaani rishta nahi, balki ek social contract hai. Is mein bohat si zimmedariyan hoti hain. Isliye, zehni taur par samajhdar hona bhi zaroori hai.

Islam ka yeh usool kitna aqli (logical) aur fittrat ke mutabiq hai. Aaj ki medical science bhi is baat ko maanti hai ke balighat ki umar har ilaqe aur mausam (climate) ke hisaab se alag-alag ho sakti hai. Garam ilaqon mein ladkiyan jaldi baligh ho jaati hain, jabke thande ilaqon mein dair se. Saudi Arabia ek garam mulk hai, isliye wahan us daur mein ladkiyon ka 9-10 saal mein baligh ho jaana koi ajeeb baat nahi thi.

Prophet Muhammad (SAW) ne 3 saal intezar kyun kiya?

Agar Hz. Aisha and Muhammad (SAW) ka rishta (nauzubillah) waisa hota jaisa aiteraz karne wale kehte hain, to phir nikah ke baad rukhsati ke liye 3 saal ka intezaar kyun kiya gaya? Yeh 3 saal ka waqfa is baat ka khula saboot hai ke Prophet Muhammad (SAW) ne us waqt tak intezaar kiya jab tak Hazrat Aisha jismaani aur zehni taur par is rishte ke liye mukammal طور par tayyar nahi ho gayin.

Tareekhi Aaina: Kya Sirf Islam Mein Aisa Hua?

Aiteraz karne wale aise pesh aate hain jaise kam umri ki shadi sirf Islam mein hui hai. Lekin agar hum tareekh ka aaina dekhein, to hamein pata chalta hai ke 7th century aur uske baad bhi sadiyon tak, dunya ki har tehzeeb (civilization) mein yeh ek aam riwaaj tha.

• Roman Empire: Roman qanoon ke mutabiq, ladkiyon ke liye shadi ki qanooni umar 12 saal thi.
• Medieval Europe: Europe mein bhi Royal families aur aam logon mein ladkiyon ki shadiyan 12 se 15 saal ki umar mein kar di jaati theen.
• Hindu Dharam: Ramayan ke kuch versions mein zikr milta hai ke jab Bhagwan Ram aur Sita Ji ki shadi hui, to Sita Ji ki umar sirf 6 saal thi. Isi tarah, Lakshman Ji ki shadi Urmila Ji se hui jo Sita Ji se bhi choti theen.

Yahan maqsad kisi aur dharam par ungli uthana nahi hai, balki yeh batana hai ke us daur ke riwaaj ko aaj ke daur ke mayaar (standards) par parakhna tareekhi taur par galat hai. Isay “Presentism” kehte hain, yaani apne daur ke nazariyat (ideologies) ko maazi (past) par thopna.

Agar Hazrat Aisha ki shadi par aiteraaz karna aqli (logical) hai, to phir Ram Ji aur Lakshman Ji ki shadiyon par bhi aiteraaz hona chahiye. Lekin aisa nahi hota. Is se saaf pata chalta hai ke maqsad tareekh ko samajhna nahi, balki sirf Islam ko nishana banana hai.

Strawman Fallacy: Jab Daleel Kamzor Ho To Propaganda Ka Sahara Lo

Is poori behes mein ek logical fallacy (mantaqi galti) baar baar istemal hoti hai, jise “Strawman Fallacy” kehte hain.

Strawman Fallacy Kya Hai?

Yeh ek behas (debate) ki technique hai jahan ek shakhs aapke asal argument ka jawab dene ke bajaye, aapke argument ko tod marod kar ek kamzor “putla” (strawman) banata hai aur phir us putle par hamla karta hai.

Hazrat Aisha ke mamle mein yeh fallacy kaise istemal hoti hai?

1. Islam Ka Asal Argument: Islam mein shadi ke liye balighat shart hai, jo jismaani aur zehni pukhtagi ki alamat hai.
2. Strawman (Putla): Aiteraz karne wale is daleel ko chupa dete hain aur ek naya, kamzor putla banate hain: “Islam 9 saal ki bachiyon se shadi ki ijazat deta hai.”
3. Hamla: Phir woh is kamzor putle par hamla karte hain ke dekho, Islam kitna galat mazhab hai jo bachon se shadi ko promote karta hai.

Yeh ek be-imaan (dishonest) technique hai. Iska istemal woh log karte hain jinke paas aapke asal argument ka koi jawab nahi hota. Woh aapki baat ko galat tareeqe se pesh karke logon ko gumrah karte hain.

Ek Musalman hone ke naate, humein is fallacy ko pehchan’na chahiye. Jab bhi koi yeh kahe ke Islam 9 saal ki bachiyon se shadi ka hukum deta hai, to use batayein ke yeh ek Strawman hai. Islam ka asal hukum balighat hai, umar nahi.

Conclusion

Is poori tafseeli guftagu ke baad, hum is nateeje par pahunchte hain:

Hazrat Aisha ki shadi par kiya jaane wala aiteraaz ilm aur tareekh ki roshni mein kahin nahi theherta. Yeh ek propaganda hai jise Islam-dushman taqatein saalon se istemal kar rahi hain. Humne dekha ke was aisha really 9? is sawal ke jawab mein ahem ikhtilafaat hain aur mustanad dalail unki umar 16 se 19 saal batate hain.

Humne yeh bhi jaana ke Islam mein shadi ka buniyadi usool umar nahi, balki jismaani aur zehni balighat hai, jo ek bilkul aqli aur scientific usool hai. Jab hum is masle ko us daur ke tareekhi aur samaji pas-manzar (context) mein dekhte hain, to yeh aiteraaz bilkul be-wazan ho jaata hai.

Akhir mein, yeh yaad rakhna zaroori hai ke is tarah ke aiteraazon ka maqsad haqeeqat ki talash nahi, balki sirf nafrat phailana hai. Ek Musalman ki zimmedari hai ke woh apne Deen ka ilm haasil kare aur is propaganda ka jawab daleel aur hikmat ke saath de, taake sachai sab ke saamne aa sake.

FAQs

Q: Kya Quran mein shadi ke liye koi makhsoos umar batayi gayi hai? A: Nahi, Quran mein shadi ke liye koi specific umar nahi batayi gayi hai. Quran “bulugh” (balighat) aur “nikah ki umar tak pahunchna” (Surah An-Nisa: 6) ka zikr karta hai, jiska matlab jismaani aur zehni pukhtagi hai.

Q: Agar Hazrat Aisha ki umar 9 saal nahi thi, to Sahih Bukhari ki riwayat ka kya kiya jaye? A: Muhaddiseen (Hadith scholars) ne Hadith ko parakhne ke usool banaye hain. Sahih Bukhari ki tamam riwayaat bila-shuba mustanad hain, lekin kisi ek riwayat ke zahiri matlab ko le kar dusre tamam tareekhi sabooton ko radh (reject) nahi kiya ja sakta. Scholars is riwayat aur dusre dalail mein tatbeeq (reconciliation) paida karte hain ya phir riwayat ke raawi (narrator) par behas karte hain, jaisa ke Hisham ibn ‘Urwa ke case mein kiya gaya.

Q: Aaj ke daur mein Muslim ladkiyon ke liye shadi ki ideal age kya honi chahiye? A: Aaj ke daur mein shadi ki umar mulk ke qanoon aur samaji riwaaj ke mutabiq honi chahiye. Islam is baat ki ijazat deta hai ke Musalman apne mulk ke qanoon ki pabandi karein, basharte ke woh Quran aur Sunnah ke kisi buniyadi usool se na takrata ho. Zaroori yeh hai ke ladki jismaani, zehni aur jazbaati taur par shadi ke liye tayyar ho.

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