Aaj kal ke modern daur mein, khususan jab hum maghribi (Western) qawaneen aur Scandinavian mumalik ki taraf dekhte hain, to ek sawal bar-ha uthaya jata hai: “Saza ka maqsad kya hona chahiye?”
Baaz log, jo secular ya atheist zahanat rakhte hain, yeh dawa karte hain ke saza ka maqsad sirf aur sirf mujrim ki “Correction” ya “Islah” hona chahiye. Unka kehna hai ke jail koi aisi jagah honi chahiye jahan mujrim ko sudhara jaye aur wapas mashray (society) mein bheja jaye. Lekin kya yeh soch haqeeqat par mabni hai? Kya waqai insaaf ka taqaza sirf mujrim ko sudharna hai, ya mazloom ko insaaf dilana bhi koi ma’ani rakhta hai?
Jab hum dunya bhar ke qawaneen aur Islamic Shariah ka gehra mutala (study) karte hain, to hamein ehsas hota hai ke “Correction” ka naya fitna aksar auqaat “Insaaf” ke qatl ka sabab banta hai. Is article mein hum pure mantiqi (logical) aur ilmi andaaz mein jayza lenge ke Islam ka nizam-e-saza (Penal System) kyu sabse behtar aur fitri (natural) hai, aur kyu mehaz correction ka naara ek dhoka ho sakta hai.
Key Takeaways:
- Correction vs. Justice: Qanoon ki buniyad sirf mujrim ki islah nahi, balki mazloom ke sath insaaf karna aur mashray ka aman hai.
- Correction Homes ki Nakami: America aur Europe ke data se sabit hai ke “Correction Homes” se nikalne wale 80% mujrim dobara jurm karte hain.
- Scandinavian Myth: Yeh sochna ke Sweden ya Norway mein lambi sazaein nahi hoti, ek ghalat fehmi hai; wahan bhi life imprisonment ka wajood hai.
- Fitrat-e-Insani: Badla (Retribution) ya Insaaf talab karna insaan ki fitrat hai, jise Islam “Qisas” ke zariye regulate karta hai.
- Reference Point: Bina Khuda ke qanoon ke, achai aur burai ka koi “Universal Standard” nahi ban sakta.
Saza ka Maqsad: Islah ya Aman-o-Aman?
Sabse pehla aur buniyadi sawal jo uthta hai woh yeh hai ke akhir kisi ko saza di kyu jati hai? Ek aam secular soch yeh kehti hai ke saza ka maqsad mujrim ko takleef pahunchana nahi, balki usay behtar insaan banana hona chahiye. Zahiri taur par yeh baat bohat khush-numa lagti hai, lekin jab hum isay logic ki kasauti par parakhte hain to isme bohat se tazaadaat (contradictions) nazar aate hain.
Agar hum maante hain ke saza ka maqsad sirf “Islah” hai, to phir un juraim ka kya jinki saza 100 saal, 200 saal ya umar qaid (life imprisonment) hai? Western countries, jinhein aksar “Civilized” kaha jata hai, wahan bhi aisi sazaein maujood hain. Agar ek shakhs ko 100 saal ke liye jail mein daal diya gaya, to kya woh wapas society mein aa kar “sudhar” dikha payega? Hargiz nahi. Woh wahin mar jayega.
Yahan secular logic fail ho jati hai. Kyunki agar maqsad sirf sudharna tha, aur woh shakhs wapas hi nahi aa sakta, to phir usay qaid rakhne ka kya جواز (justification) hai? Is se sabit hota hai ke Saza ka asal maqsad sirf individual ki islah nahi, balki “Deterrence” (Ibrat) aur “Justice” (Insaaf) hai.
Islam is baat ko bohat wazeh karta hai. Saza ka maqsad yeh hai ke mashray (society) ko mehfooz banaya jaye. Jab ek qatil ko saza milti hai, to maqsad sirf us ek shakhs ko sudharna nahi hota, balki baqi 99 logon ko yeh paigham dena hota hai ke agar tumne yeh jurm kiya, to tumhara anjaam bhi yahi hoga. Isay “Deterrence Theory” kaha jata hai, jo mashray mein aman qaim rakhne ke liye nigehbaan ka kaam karti hai.
Kya Scandinavian Mumalik (Jaise Sweden) Ideal Hain?
Aksar debates mein Sweden aur Scandinavian countries ki misaal di jati hai ke dekhiye, wahan sazaein kitni naram hain, wahan jails ko luxury banaya gaya hai, aur wahan crime rate kam hai. Is argument ko use karke yeh kaha jata hai ke sakht Islamic sazaein (jaise Qisas ya Hudood) ghalat hain.
Lekin yeh istedlal (reasoning) darasal “Cherry Picking Fallacy” par mabni hai. Yani haqaiq ka sirf woh hissa dikhana jo apni baat ko support kare aur baqi haqeeqat ko chupa lena.
Haqeeqat yeh hai ke Sweden ya digar European mumalik mein bhi “Life Imprisonment” ka concept maujood hai. Wahan bhi sazaein “Undefined” hoti hain, yani zaroori nahi ke mujrim 10 saal mein bahar aa jaye. Kayi sangeen mujrim wahan bhi ta-hayat (until death) jail mein rehte hain.
Correction Homes ka Dhoka aur Data
Ek aur bari ghalat fehmi yeh phailayi jati hai ke Western jails “Correction Homes” hain jahan mujrim sudhar kar nikalta hai. Aayiye zara US Department of Justice aur digar agencies ke data par nazar daalte hain:
“America mein jinhen Prisons ke bajaye ‘Correction Facilities’ kaha jata hai, wahan se riha honay wale taqreeban 80% se zyada qaidi kuch hi arsay mein dobara wahi jurm karte hain aur wapas jail aa jate hain.”
Yeh data cheekh cheekh kar bata raha hai ke “Correction” ka model buri tarah fail ho chuka hai. Aap laakhon dollars kharch karke unhein psychological help dete hain, unhein facilities dete hain, lekin bahar aate hi woh phir se rape, chori ya qatl karte hain.
Iske bar-aks, Islam ka nizam “Prevention” par kaam karta hai. Sakht saza ka khauf (Fear of Consequence) insaan ki nafsiyat par gehra asar dalta hai aur usay jurm karne se rokta hai.
Objection: Kya Badla (Revenge) Lena Fitrat ke Khilaf Hai?
Ek bohat aam aitraaz yeh kiya jata hai ke: “Jail ka maqsad revenge lena nahi hona chahiye. Badla lena insaan ki fitrat nahi hai, hamein maaf karna chahiye.”
Yeh baat sunne mein bohat “Mahatma” type lagti hai, lekin mantiqi taur par yeh “Appeal to Emotion” fallacy hai. Sawal yeh hai ke kya waqai “Intiqam” ya “Badla” insaan ki fitrat mein nahi hai?
Agar koi shakhs apko raah chalte thappad mare, to aapka pehla reaction kya hoga? Kya aap muskurayenge? Ya aap apna difaa (self-defense) karenge aur koshish karenge ke usay rokein ya wapas jawab dein? Self-Defense aur Justice, darasal “Revenge” ki hi refined shaklein hain.
Islam ne “Andha Dhund Intiqam” (Chaos) ko roka hai, lekin “Qisas” (Equality in Punishment) ko farz kiya hai. Qisas ka matlab hai barabari. Agar kisi ne kisi ki aankh phodi, to badle mein wahi saza. Yeh isliye nahi ke hamein khoon bahana pasand hai, balki isliye ke Mazloom (Victim) ko thandak mile aur Zalim (Oppressor) ko sabak.
Agar aap ek Rapist ko 5 saal jail mein rakh kar, Biryani khila kar, massage de kar wapas society mein bhej dete hain, to yeh us victim ke sath sabse bada zulm hai jiski zindagi usne barbad ki. Kya us victim ke “Justice” ki koi value nahi? Islam kehta hai ke Mazloom ka haq (Rights of the Victim) sabse pehle hai. Agar aap mujrim par reham kha rahe hain, to darasal aap pure mashray par zulm kar rahe hain.
Insaaf (Justice) vs. Islah (Reform): Asal Buniyad Kya Hai?
Dunya ka koi bhi qanoon utha kar dekh lein, uski “Base” ya buniyad hamesha JUSTICE (Insaaf) hoti hai, na ke Correction.
Agar qanoon ka maqsad sirf correction hota, to:
- Har mujrim ko tab tak jail mein rakha jata jab tak woh sudhar na jaye (chahe 2 din ho ya 50 saal).
- Lekin hum dekhte hain ke jurm ki noiyat ke hisab se saza fix hoti hai (e.g., chori ki saza alag, qatl ki alag). Yeh “Fix Saza” is baat ka saboot hai ke nizam Adl (Justice) par chal raha hai.
Misal ke taur par, agar ek shakhs ne 100 logon ka qatl kiya, aur pakde jane ke baad woh kehta hai, “Mujhe ehsas ho gaya hai, main ab sudhar gaya hoon,” to kya adalat usay chhod degi? Hargiz nahi. Usay saza milegi. Kyun? Kyunki Insaaf ka taqaza hai ke usne jo nuksan kiya hai, uska badla chukana padega.
Islam yehi sikhata hai. Allah Ta’ala Quran mein farmata hai ke “Qisas mein tumhare liye zindagi hai, aye aqal walo.” (Surah Al-Baqarah). Iska matlab hai ke jab qatil ko qatl kiya jayega, to hazaron nirdosh zindagiyan bach jayengi kyunki koi aur jurrat nahi karega.
Logical Fallacy: “Strawman” aur “Red Herring”
In topics par baat karte hue aksar opponents kuch logical fallacies ka sahara lete hain jinhe samajhna bohat zaroori hai:
- Strawman Fallacy: Mukhalifeen aksar Islam ke stance ko ghalat present karte hain. Woh kehte hain, “Islam bas maarna chahta hai, Islam mein reham nahi hai.” Yeh ek strawman hai. Islam mein reham hai, lekin woh reham mazloom ke liye hai. Zalim par be-ja reham karna, mazloom par zulm hai.
- Red Herring: Jab aap unse poochte hain ke “Scandinavia mein bhi to crimes hote hain,” to woh baat badal kar kehte hain “Lekin wahan happiness index zyada hai.” Yeh topic se hatna hai. Hamein specifically Penal Code aur Justice par baat karni chahiye.
- Imagineering vs Reality: Atheist hazraat aksar “Imaginary Utopia” ki baat karte hain—ek aisi dunya jahan sab ache honge. Jabke Islam “Haqeeqat” (Reality) par baat karta hai ke insaan mein shar (evil) bhi hai aur usay rokne ke liye taqat ka istemal zaroori hai.
Reference Point Ki Ahmiyat: Khuda Ke Bina Akhlaq Adhoora Hai
Ek eham nuqta jo samajhna zaroori hai woh yeh hai ke Saza aur Jaza ka concept kisi “Reference Point” ke baghair be-mani hai.
- Agar Khuda nahi hai (Nauzubillah), to phir “Achai” aur “Burai” sirf logon ki raaye (opinion) ban kar reh jati hai.
- Ek mulk mein “Death Penalty” legal hai (jaise USA ke kuch states), dusre mein illegal. Kaun sahi hai? Kaun ghalat?
- Agar koi Divine Authority (Allah) nahi hai jo faisla kare, to phir yeh sirf “Might is Right” ka mamla reh jata hai. Jiske paas taqat hai, uska qanoon chalega.
Lekin Musalman hone ke naate, hamare paas ek Absolute Reference Point hai—Quran aur Sunnah. Hum jante hain ke qatl ghalat hai kyunki Allah ne kaha. Hum jante hain ke Zina jurm hai kyunki Khaliq ne bataya. Jab aapke paas reference point hota hai, tabhi aap “True Justice” qaim kar sakte hain.
Natija (Conclusion)
Is poori behas ka nichod yeh nikalta hai ke secularism aur atheism ke paas saza ka koi thos (solid) falsafa nahi hai. Unka pura nizam “Trial and Error” par chal raha hai—kabhi saza badhate hain, kabhi kam karte hain, aur natija phir bhi crime rate ka badhna hi nikalta hai.
Islam ka nizam-e-saza 1400 saal se wazeh aur mustahkam hai. Iska maqsad hai:
- Insaaf ki farahmi: Mazloom ko yeh yaqeen dilana ke uske sath zulm karne wala bach nahi payega.
- Aman-o-Aman: Sakht sazaon ke zariye mujrimo ke dilon mein khauf paida karna taake society mehfooz rahe.
- Haqeeqi Islah: Saza ke baad agar koi tauba kare, to woh Allah aur bande ka mamla hai, lekin dunya mein qanoon apna rasta lega.
Lihaza, humein in khokhle naaron se dhoka nahi khana chahiye ke “Saza se behtar islah hai.” Haqeeqat yeh hai ke Insaaf ke baghair Islah namumkin hai, aur baghair saza ke aman sirf ek khwab hai.
FAQs (Aam Poochay Janay Walay Sawalat)
Q: Kya Islam mein har jurm ki saza maut hai?
A: Ji nahi, yeh ek ghalat fehmi hai. Islam mein saza jurm ki noiyat (severity) ke mutabiq hoti hai. Sirf sangeen juraim jaise qatl ya fasad-fil-arz (atankwad) ke liye sakht sazaein hain, jabke chote juraim ke liye tazeer (judge ki discretion) aur maafi ki gunjaish bhi hai.
Q: Kya Western countries ke “Correction Homes” waqai kaam karte hain?
A: Statistics batate hain ke yeh nizam ziyadatar nakam raha hai. America aur Europe mein Recidivism rate (jurm dobara karne ki sharah) 60-80% ke darmiyan hai, jo sabit karta hai ke sirf naram rawaiye se mujrim nahi sudharte.
Q: Agar mujrim sudhar jaye to kya phir bhi usay saza milni chahiye?
A: Qanoon zahir par faisla karta hai. Agar kisi ne qatl kiya hai, to usay saza milni chahiye taake Insaaf ke taqazay poore hon. Agar dil se tauba ki hai to Akhirat mein Allah maaf kar sakta hai, magar dunyawi qanoon Insaaf ka paband hai.
Q: Kya Qisas (Jaan ke badle jaan) ka qanoon insaniyat ke khilaf nahi?
A: Bilkul nahi. Qisas darasal “Life Saving” qanoon hai. Jab logon ko pata hoga ke kisi ki jaan lene ka anjaam apni jaan khona hai, to woh qatl karne se pehle hazaar baar sochenge. Is tarah Qisas se mashray mein zindagi mehfooz hoti hai.
